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俯瞰普吉特海灣全景

設(shè)計(jì)公司:Hoedemaker Pfeiffer
位置:美國
類型:建筑
材料:石材鋼混凝土窗玻璃
標(biāo)簽:Small and Delicate Residence Washington 華盛頓小而美的住宅
分類:住宅

本住宅的業(yè)主希望建筑事務(wù)所Hoedemaker Pfeiffer為他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)一座由石材和木材打造而成私人住宅。業(yè)主曾在美國東部阿帕拉契亞(Appalachia)地區(qū)的擁有一座山地住宅，而不幸的是，幾十年前的一場(chǎng)山火吞噬了一切，他們此番的委托也是受到曾經(jīng)的山地住宅的啟發(fā)。然而，建筑事務(wù)所Hoedemaker Pfeiffer所面臨的難題并不是重建那座毀于山火的住宅，而是在太平洋的西北地區(qū)賦予其新的精神和形式。本住宅坐落于圣胡安群島上的一處偏遠(yuǎn)基地上，建筑師以此為設(shè)計(jì)靈感，將項(xiàng)目定位成一系列從巖石環(huán)境中自然生長(zhǎng)出來的簡(jiǎn)單的石頭體量。隨后，這個(gè)靈感催生出了一個(gè)主要的住宅體量和一個(gè)客房體量，二者均完全適應(yīng)其獨(dú)特的地理位置，并為住戶及其家人朋友提供一個(gè)溫馨舒適的生活和居住環(huán)境。

The owner of this property came to Hoedemaker Pfeiffer looking for a personal retreat inspired by a treasured stone and wood home lost to fire decades earlier in the hills of Appalachia. The design firm’s task was not to recreate it but rather to give its spirit new form in the Pacific Northwest. Taking inspiration from its remote site in the San Juan Islands, the design team conceived of the project as a series of simple stone volumes growing naturally from their rocky surroundings. From that concept emerged a main house and a guest house, each responding to its own unique location on the site. Together they provide friends and family comfortable accommodation while offering a sanctuary for the owner at the main home.

▼住宅體量外觀，exterior view of the main house

主住宅體量 | Main House

主住宅充分利用其得天獨(dú)厚的地理位置——俯瞰著太平洋西北區(qū)的普吉特海灣，將主人使用的主要住宅體量放置在一個(gè)位于陡峭山坡頂部的小平臺(tái)上。鑒于住宅基地兩側(cè)的景觀視野和道路系統(tǒng)，建筑師在住宅的底部和后側(cè)分別設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)石頭基座和一片石墻。室內(nèi)空間中設(shè)置了兩片內(nèi)置壁爐的厚石墻，不僅突出強(qiáng)調(diào)了設(shè)計(jì)的核心概念，更限定出了主要室內(nèi)空間的功能分區(qū)——公共空間、私密空間、以及墻體之間位于住宅中央?yún)^(qū)域的石質(zhì)樓梯。

Taking full advantage of sweeping views of Puget Sound, the main home is sited on a small plateau high on top of a steeply-sloping hillside. The view opportunity on one side and the road on the other suggested a stone plinth and stone wall to form the base and rear of the house. A pair of thick stone walls with fireplaces rising together within the home’s interior enhance the concept, separating the main level into public and private realms and flanking a central stone staircase.

▼主住宅體量坐落于一個(gè)石頭基座上，設(shè)有室外平臺(tái)，俯瞰海灣，the main home is sited on a stone plinth, featuring the outdoor patio with sweeping view of Puget Sound

這座木質(zhì)小屋坐落于低矮的石頭基座上，能夠享受到充足的光照，描繪出一幅細(xì)致入微的住宅造型。一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的棚屋頂覆蓋了住宅的前側(cè)，以防止夏季住宅南側(cè)過于強(qiáng)烈的陽光影響居住環(huán)境，同時(shí)也為太陽能發(fā)電提供了絕好的場(chǎng)地。冬天時(shí)，陽光則可以透過住宅南側(cè)的玻璃立面照進(jìn)室內(nèi)的主要的生活空間。

▼主住宅體量的開放式廚房和餐廳空間，擁有內(nèi)置窗邊座椅區(qū)和室外露臺(tái)，享有絕佳的景觀視野，the open kitchen and dining area of the main house with built-in window seats and outdoor patio, taking full advantage of sweeping views of Puget Sound

▼主住宅體量開放式廚房兼餐廳空間，享有充足的陽光，the open kitchen and dining area of the main house with sufficient sunlight

▼主住宅體量開放式廚房細(xì)部，open kitchen details of the main house

A light-filled wood structure perches atop the low stone base, creating a nuanced sense of enclosure. A simple shed roof covering the pavilion tips low in front to protect from the southern summer sun while offering prime real estate to a photovoltaic array above. Winter light in turn penetrates deep into the main living spaces through a wall of glass running continuously across the building’s south elevation.

▼主住宅體量臥室，擁有內(nèi)置窗邊座椅區(qū)和室外露臺(tái)，享有海景，the bedroom of the main house with built-in window seats and outdoor patio overlooking the Puget Sound

▼主臥細(xì)部，木格柵將睡眠區(qū)與衣柜分隔開來，master bedroom details of the main house, a simple, contemporary room divider that separates the closet from the sleeping area

木質(zhì)小屋后側(cè)和建筑后側(cè)石墻之間的空間則容納著更多輔助功能性的空間。這些輔助功能空間位于一個(gè)反方向傾斜的坡屋頂之下，其與木質(zhì)小屋之間的相對(duì)高差能夠確保北側(cè)的陽光可以通過一系列天窗照進(jìn)室內(nèi)的主要空間，同時(shí)也有助于建筑背風(fēng)面熱空氣的釋放。

Behind the wood pavilion and within the stone wall at the rear of the building are more utilitarian spaces. Protected by a smaller shed roof pitched in the opposite direction, the relative height difference between the wood pavilion and these secondary program elements allows consistent north light to flood into the primary living spaces via a series of clerestory windows, which also allow the release of warm air high on the leeward side of the structure.

▼室內(nèi)空間細(xì)部，兩片厚石墻劃分出主要室內(nèi)空間的功能分區(qū)，interior space details, a pair of thick stone walls separating the main level into public and private realms and flanking a central stone staircase

客房體量 | Guest House

客房體量的基地也享有美麗的景觀視野，但同時(shí)也面臨著巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。客房的設(shè)計(jì)概念始于靠近小面積的圓形地塊中心位置的一座石塔。石塔高出陡坡，充當(dāng)著三維基準(zhǔn)。石塔半嵌入客房體量，營(yíng)造出一種獨(dú)特的外觀效果。樓梯從大平開窗下的混凝土基座開始，從石頭中拔地而起。樓梯的四周環(huán)繞著一圈木質(zhì)百葉式隔板，以達(dá)到自然采光和私密性要求之間的平衡?？头矿w量的主入口位于基地的上層，通過其石質(zhì)北立面上簡(jiǎn)單的縱向貫穿洞口，為使用者提供了一個(gè)輕松進(jìn)入室內(nèi)公共空間的通道。鋼制的頂篷從室內(nèi)延伸到室外，使得整個(gè)體量變得與眾不同。而一旦踏上主入口對(duì)面的觀景平臺(tái)，使用者便會(huì)享受到一種別樣的體驗(yàn)。觀景平臺(tái)從坡地上向外懸挑，不僅擴(kuò)大了房間的尺度，更為住戶提供了普吉特海灣令人驚嘆的美景。

The site for the guest house, while beautiful, came with significant challenges. The concept for the guest house begins with a stone tower set near the center of the small circular parcel. Rising high above steeply-sloping grade, it acts as a three-dimensional datum. Feature program elements puncture each of the tower’s walls to unique effect. The stair, comprised of a concrete base below large casement windows, emerges from the stone. It incorporates a wood screen around its perimeter to balance natural light with privacy. The main entry occurs at the high side of the property. It offers ease of access to the project’s public spaces through a simple, full-height opening cut into the stone volume’s north elevation. A steel canopy gives it distinction, extending from interior to exterior. Once inside the view deck opposite the entry provides a very different experience. Extending the great room while cantilevering far above grade, it affords a view of Puget Sound that is as thrilling as it is beautiful.

▼石質(zhì)的客房體量和不遠(yuǎn)處的木質(zhì)主住宅體量，矩形石塔半嵌入客房體量，the stone guest house and nearby wood house, the stone tower is semi-embedded into the guest house volume

餐廳則是從石塔延伸出來的另一個(gè)空間元素——一個(gè)三面玻璃的體量懸浮在樹林中。同時(shí)，它也為建筑師帶來了許多技術(shù)上的挑戰(zhàn)。兩根鋼梁支承著整個(gè)體量的重量，同時(shí)借由高差，延伸進(jìn)內(nèi)部地板系統(tǒng)，創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)懸挑空間。三側(cè)的落地玻璃窗盡可能連續(xù)地包裹著體量。然而即使是這樣，上述的挑戰(zhàn)仍然不是本項(xiàng)目的難中之難。實(shí)際上，本項(xiàng)目最困難的一點(diǎn)、也是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的一處便是如何保護(hù)場(chǎng)地中的原有樹木。沒有這些樹木，那么本項(xiàng)目的核心概念和立意都將不復(fù)存在。考慮到這一點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)設(shè)計(jì)了定制的擋土墻，使其能夠避開關(guān)鍵的樹根區(qū)域，從而保證餐廳外圍幾英尺之內(nèi)的樹木的生長(zhǎng)。

客房體量的下層是則更加私密的空間，包括兩間小臥室、一間公共浴室和有限的輔助功能空間等。在室外，懸挑漂浮的餐廳的下方是一個(gè)混凝土露臺(tái)構(gòu)成的安全舒適的室外空間。該露臺(tái)在提供次要入口的同時(shí)，還為住戶創(chuàng)造一了個(gè)獨(dú)特的景觀體驗(yàn)場(chǎng)所。

▼餐廳及其下方的室外混凝土露臺(tái)，餐廳以三面玻璃形式的體量懸浮在樹林中，混凝土露臺(tái)提供了次要入口和觀景平臺(tái)，the dining room and the protected outdoor concrete patio, the dining room is conceived as a three-sided glass object floating in a forest of trees and the patio provides the secondary entrance and view deck

The dining room, another element extending from the stone tower, was conceived as a three-sided glass object floating in a forest of trees. It presented multiple technical challenges. Two steel beams carry its entire weight and extend deep into the interior floor system to allow the room to cantilever. Floor-to-ceiling glass wraps the exterior with minimal interruption. Perhaps most challenging of all, though, was the need to preserve nearby trees. Without the trees the room’s purpose would be defeated. With that in mind the design team developed custom retaining walls capable of avoiding critical root zones, preserving trees located a few feet from the dining room envelope.

The lower level of the home plays host to its more private spaces. Two small bedrooms, a single shared bath, and modest utility spaces are all contained within the perimeter of the stone datum. At the exterior a concrete patio offers protected outdoor space below the dining room floating above. It provides a secondary entry as well as its own distinct view experience.

▼客房體量主入口，位于體量北立面，是一個(gè)縱向貫穿的洞口，the main entrance of the guest house volume, and the main entrance is a simple, full-height opening cut into the stone volume’s north elevation